ACTIVITIES 4th Year




will-future – Statements –

Exercise Task No. 4211

https://web.archive.org/web/20200927025808/https://www.englisch-
hilfen.de/en/exercises/tenses/will_future_statements.htm

Put in the verbs in brackets into the gaps and form sentences.
 
Use will-future.


1. Tomorrow it ----- on the south coast. (to rain)

2. My friend ----- 12 next Monday. (to be)

3. Hey John! Wait a minute. I ----- with you. (to walk)

4. She ----- her boss next week. (to contact)

5. I think you ----- this job. (to get)

6. They ----- at about 6 pm. (to arrive)

7. The teacher ----- this exercise. (to explain)

8. He ----- the bottle of water. (to drop)

9. Lots of accidents----- in that weather. (to happen)

10. She 

 if you show her the spider. (to scream)

CheckShow answer

Negations in the will-future –
Exercise
Task No. 4213
https://web.archive.org/web/20210128030257/https://www.englisch-
hilfen.de/en/exercises/tenses/will_future_negation.htm

Put in the verbs in brackets into the gaps and form negative sentences in will-future.
Show example
Do you need help?
Form of the will-future
1. Tim 

 the teacher. (not/to tell)

2. I hope I 

 the train to Manchester. (not/to miss)

3. She 

 her hair green. (not/to dye)

4. He 

 breakfast tomorrow morning. (not/to prepare)

5. The manager 

 trees in front of the office building. (not/to plant)

6. Melissa 

 jeans at her party. (not/to wear)

7. My friends 

 in a city. (not/to live)

8. We 

 about the bad weather. (not/to worry)

9. I 

 in this lake. (not/to swim)

10. You 

 the vase on the shelf without a ladder. (not/to reach)

Questions in the will-future –
Exercise 1
Task No. 1377
https://web.archive.org/web/20201109215804/https://www.englisch-
hilfen.de/en/exercises/questions/will_future.htm

Put in the verbs in brackets into the gaps. Use the will-future. Mind the word order in
questions.
Show example
Do you need help?
Questions in the will-future
1.

 our team 

 the match? (to win)

2. When 

 you 

 in Scotland? (to arrive)

3.
 it 
 tomorrow? (to rain)

4.

 you 

 for a moment? (to come in)

5. Where 

 she 

 in 2030? (to live)

6. How old 

 your mother 

 in July? (to be)

7.

 you 

 me the salt, please? (to pass)

8.

 Rupert 

 breakfast? (to make)

9.

 the teacher 

 her parents? (to phone)

10.

 Frank 

 16 this year? (to turn)

Sentences and questions in the will-
future – Exercise 1
Task No. 4215

https://web.archive.org/web/20210120063211/https://www.englisch-
hilfen.de/en/exercises/tenses/will_future_mix.htm

Put in the verbs in brackets into the gaps. Use will-future. Watch the punctuation and
form sentences or questions.
Show example
Do you need help?
Form of the will-future
1. They 

 back by 6:30 pm. (to be)

2.

 you 

 me? (to help)

3. When 

 I 

 you again? (to see)

4. His parents 

 him for being late. (not/to punish)

5.

 they  the contract tonight? (to sign)

6. It  us three hours to get there. (to take)

7.

 this concert  money for our school club? (to raise)

8. This van  with 8 people in it. (not/to break down)

9. The meeting 

 before tomorrow morning. (not/to close)

10. When 

 she 

 me a copy of her essay? (to send)



ACTIVIDAD PARA ENTREGAR EL 16/11 
TP Nº 12


1        a) COMPLETÁ LAS ORACIONES CON UNA PALABRA DEL CUADRO. PUEDE SER QUE NO UTILICES TODAS. b)  TRADUCÍ LAS ORACIONES

  

reduced / cruised / accelerated / idled / decelerated

 

1          I drove the car at 80 km/h. Then I saw a sharp bend in the road, so I __________ to 30 km/h.

2          I stopped the car at the traffic lights and waited as the engine quietly __________.

3          When the car reached 70 mph, I __________ for about ten minutes at the same speed.

4          I saw an accident in the road ahead, so I __________ my speed from 70 to about 10 mph.

 

 

 

2           a) COMPLETÁ LAS ORACIONES CON UNA PALABRA DEL CUADRO. PUEDE SER QUE NO UTILICES TODAS. b)  TRADUCÍ LAS ORACIONES

 

.

 

emission / consumes / emits / input / rotary / consumption / accelerates / rotation / acceleration / renewed / output / renewable      

 

9          When the car __________ to a high speed, it uses power from the ultra-capacitor.

10        The power __________ from this new type of engine is 1020 kW.       

11        This 4X4 vehicle has a high fuel __________ : it does less than 5 km per litre of fuel.

12        On a 3200-km journey, the average plane __________ one ton of CO2 per passenger.

13        This lightweight hand-held power drill has a __________ speed of 3950 rpm.

14        We need to use __________ energy sources such as the wind and the sea.

 

 

 3: Reading. COMPLETA EL TEXTO DE ABAJO CON LAS FRASES (A - J) EN CADA ESPACIO.          

 

A         ordinary water is pumped into the cylinder

B         which forces the piston down

C         which uses this heat

D         is very hot

E          pushes the steam out of the cylinder

F          you can touch the engine block

G         intake valve

H         into steam

I           cools the engine from inside

J          on the normal four-stroke engine

 

 

 

The six-stroke internal combustion engine – a new invention

 

Four-stroke internal-combustion engines waste a lot of heat. Here is my idea for a new invention (35)_____ and converts it into more energy. My new invention is the six-stroke engine. It’s based (36)_____, but it has two extra strokes and one extra (37)_____. What do you think comes into the engine through this valve? It’s water!

After the exhaust gases flow out of the engine cylinder, (38)_____ through the extra valve. Inside the cylinder, which (39)_____, the water immediately changes (40)_____. The steam expands to 1,600 times its volume, (41)_____ for a second power stroke.

Then a second exhaust stroke (42)_____, and then the six-stroke cycle begins again.

This six-stroke water-injection cycle provides extra power, but it also (43)_____ . When the engine is running, (44)_____ with your hand. It’s not hot, but only warm!

 

 



ACTIVIDAD PARA ENTREGAR EL 23/10 
TP Nº 11

1 -HACÉ LOS EJERCICIOS DESDE LA PÁGINA DE LOS LINKS.  SI PODÉS CHECKEAR LA RESPUESTA EN LA PÁGINA (AUTOCORREGIR) MEJOR!

2 - UNA VEZ QUE PRACTICASTE EL TEMA (PAST PERFECT  CON ESTAS ORACIONES) ESCRIBILAS EN UNA HOJA . TRADUCILAS TAMBIÉN.

3 - ENVIÁ EL TRABAJO A MANO. (NO CAPTURA DE PANTALLA, NO WORD, NO PDF).

4 - SI NO PODÉS INGRESAR A LA PÁGINA DEJO ABAJO LAS ORACIONES.

ESTOS SON LOS 3 LINKS

https://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises/tenses/past_perfect.htm

https://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises/tenses/past_perfect_negation.htm

https://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises/tenses/past_perfect_questions.htm


 

TODO ESTÁ EN EL  CLASRROOM

 

Task No. 4251                     

Escribí los verbos que están  entre paréntesis en PASADO PERFECTO. Usá la FORMA CORTA  si querés.

 

EXAMPLE:

Before Steven did his homework he --------  at the library. (to study)

ANSWER:

Before Steven did his homework he had studied at the library.

Principio del formulario

1.     She  in Sweden before she went to Norway. (to live)

2.     After we  the cornflakes, Henry came in. (to eat)

3.     Before Ken ran to Kerry's house, he  him. (to phone)

4.     After they  their rucksacks, they rode away on their bikes. (to pack)

5.     Gerry helped his grandma in the house because his father  him so. (to tell)

6.     The cat hid under the chair because the children  so loud. (to be)

7.     Before the students started to write, the teacher  their mobile phones. (to collect)

8.     After Max  his breakfast, he left the flat. (to finish)

9.     Laura repaired her glasses because her brother  them. (to break)

10. By the time the show began, all friends (to arrive)

 

 

 

 

Task No. 4253

Escribí los verbos que están  entre paréntesis en PASADO PERFECTO NEGATIVO. Usá la FORMA CORTA  si querés.

EXAMPLE:

Richard realized that he -------------  his passport with him. (not/to take)

ANSWER:

Richard realized that he had not taken his passport with him.

Principio del formulario

1.     The driver  at the traffic lights, so the police car chased him. (not/to stop)

2.     The budgie flew away because Jim  the window. (not/to close)

3.     When we came home, Frank  the ceiling yet. (not/to paint)

4.     Eric  his friends, so he was alone on Saturday evening. (not/to invite)

5.      Olivia for three years before I met her in Spain. (not/to see)

6.     He told me that he  to his brother since yesterday. (not/to speak)

7.     Lisa  the book, so she didn't understand the film. (not/to read)

8.     The Smiths  the new camera, so they could spend the money on new furniture. (not/to buy)

9.     I didn't find my keys because I  under the bed. (not/to look)

10. We  enough, so we lost the match. (not/to practise)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Task No. 1399

Escribí los verbos que están  entre paréntesis en PASADO PERFECTO INTERROGATIVO

EXAMPLE:

  the summary by the time it was due? (Gerry/to hand in)

ANSWER:

Had Gerry handed in the summary by the time it was due?

Principio del formulario

1.      the instructions before they switched on the mobile phone? (they/to read)

2.      the new words before she texted her friend? (the girl/to learn)

3.      the office before they drove away? (they/to ring)

4.     What  before she turned on the TV? (Lucy/to do)

5.      the software before he switched off the computer? (Walter/to update)

6.     What  before she ran away? (she/to find)

7.      the onions before he hurried to the window? (Tim/to cut)

8.      here before? (you/to surf)

9.      to Lisa before she prepared dinner? (Peggy/to talk)

 to London before you went there in 2015? (you/ever/to 







ACTIVIDAD PARA ENTREGAR EL 4/9 -
TP Nº 10
Esto es solo una presentación del tema para reforzar el uso de la lista de verbos
 
1- Leé la teoría DE PASADO PARTICIPIO (está adjunto). 2- Cuando terminás de leer la teoría hacé los ejercicios que aparecen en los 3 links que verás a continuación. 3- Revisá si los hiciste bien o repetilos hasta que salgan correctos. 4 - ENVIA EL TRABAJO QUE HICISTE. TRANSCRIBI todos los ejercicios que realizaste en una hoja de carpeta con tu NOMBRE APELLIDO Y DIVISION . LE SACAS FOTO Y LO ENVIAS A MI MAIL O AL CLASSROOM. A MANO. NO WORD, NO TXT,, NO PDF, etc. Letra clara y prolija. Fotos sacadas de cerca, con luz y vertical para que se lea sin tener que girar la página. Nada mas!
 
AL FINAL DE LA TEORIA ESTAN LOS LINKS DE LOS PRIMEROS EJERCICIOS 
 

 Past Perfect - PASADO PERFECTO

1. Usos del Pasado Simple

1.1. Junto con el Pasado Simple

Mary had read the book before she watched a film.

María había leído el libro antes de que mirór la película.

1.2. Como pasado equivalente al Presente Perfecto.

He had played hockey.

Ella había judado al hockey.

 

2. Cómo se forma el PASADO PERFECTO

Primero recordemos que  hay 2 tipos de verbos:

►regulares

►irregulares

Los verbos irregulares aparecen en una lista de verbos que podés descargar del blog o del classroom. La vas a ver acá abajo.

En la lista tenemos 3 columnas principales y el primer trabajo que haremos será SABER UTILIZAR LA LISTA.

 

UN VERBO PUEDE ESTAR EN :



 

 


INFINITIVO - SIMPLE PAST - PAST PARTICIPLE

 

INFINITIVO : en esta lista dice PRESENT para que sepas que se utiliza en el PRESENTE.(ESTA SIN CONJUGAR). COLUMNA 1.

 

SIMPLE PAST:  en esta lista dice SIMPLE PAST COLUMNA 2.

 

PAST PARTICIPLE : en esta lista dice PAST PARTICIPLE. COLUMNA 3.

 

 

►En esta lista está además la PRONUNCIACION Y EL SIGNIFICADO DE CADA VERBO IRREGULAR (ESAS COLUMNAS NO CUENTAN)

 

 

EN PASADO PARTICIPIO USAREMOS LA COLUMNA 3 ► PAST PARTICIPLE

         
 


Entonces  el PAST PARTICIPLE se forma así:

had +  past participle  (TERCERA COLUMNA DE LA LISTA DE VERBOS IRREGULARES)

I had played handball.

Oraciones Afirmativas en  Past Perfect –  verbos regulares

Long forms

Contracted forms

had played handball.

I'd played handball.

You had played handball.

You'd played handball.

He had played handball.

He'd played handball.

Oraciones Afirmativas Past Perfect – verbos irregulares

Long forms

Contracted forms

had ridden the bike.

I'd ridden the bike.

You had ridden the bike.

You'd ridden the bike.

He had ridden the bike.

He'd ridden the bike..

 

Oraciones Negativas en  Past Perfect – verbos regulares

 

Long forms

Contracted forms

had not played handball.

I'd not played handball.

hadn't played handball.

You had not played handball.

You'd not played handball.

You hadn't played handball.

He had not played handball.

He'd not played handball.

He hadn't played handball.

Oraciones negativas en Past Perfect – verbos irregulares

 

Long forms

Contracted forms

had not ridden the bike.

I'd not ridden the bike.

hadn't ridden the bike.

You had not ridden the bike.

You'd not ridden the bike.

You hadn't ridden the bike

He had not ridden the bike.

He'd not ridden the bike..

He hadn't ridden the bike

Preguntas  in  Past Perfect – regular verbs

Fijate que el  'had' se escribe delante del SUJETO

Long forms

Contracted forms

Had I played handball?

There are no contracted forms.

Had you played handball?

Had he played handball?

 

 

Preguntas en Pasado Perfect – verbos irregulares

 

Long forms

Contracted forms

Had I ridden the bike?

There are no contracted forms.

Had you ridden the bike?

Had he ridden the bike?

 
ACTIVIDADES
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ACTIVIDAD PARA ENTREGAR EL 14/8 -TP Nº 9



·         1 -MIRA LAS IMAGENES.
·         2- BUSCÁ EN INGLES LOS NOMBRES PARA ESTOS ARTEFACTOS
·         3- CUALES TENES EN TU CASA?

 

 

                 

 

 

           

 


 

Vocabulary – Pre-reading task

 

·         LAS SIGUIENTES PALABRAS/FRASES 1-10 SE SACARON  DEL TEXTO QUE LEERAS MÁS ABAJO.

·         UNI LAS PALABRAS/FRASES  CON SUS DEFINICIONES   a – j

·         TRADUCI LAS PALABRAS Y SUS DEFINICIONES UNA VEZ UNIDAS.

 

 

1. gadget

 

a. to make a situation possible or help a person do something

 

2. enable

 

b. to contact someone regularly and maintain a relationship with them

 

3. impact

 

c. a piece of equipment which has a particular function, and is often new or involving technology

 

4. button

 

d. something which happens immediately

 

5. invention

 

e. the effect one thing has on another thing, which can be positive or negative

 

6. luxury

 

f.    a new idea for a product which has never been made before

 

7. stay in touch

 

 

g. a small item which, when pressed makes a machine work

 

8. social networking

 

h. something which is expensive and enjoyable to have, but not necessary

 

9. instant

 

i.    necessary for survival

 

10. essential

j.    The process of communicating and connecting with people online, often through websites designed for this kind of activity


 

Task 3 - READING.

LEE EL TEXTO Y REALIZÁ LA ACTIVIDAD QUE SE PIDE DEBAJO.

 

Modern Technology



a.    Modern technology is changing the way we live our lives. Clever gadgets make everyday activities easier and enable people to use their time effectively. But what impact will this change have in the future and is it really a positive thing? People are busier than ever before. Technological advances mean that things are often possible with the touch of a button. A hundred years ago, however, things were very different. Everyday jobs, like doing the laundry, would take a whole day, and the telephone was a new invention! Nowadays, almost every household has a washing machine and a dishwasher, and there are more than 70 million mobile phones in use in the United Kingdom alone.

 

b.    Research shows that around 28% of children in the UK are overweight or obese. Some people are concerned that this is because young people spend too much time online and not enough time socialising with their friends and playing outside. In the past, nearly all children walked to school because their parents didn’t have a car. They didn’t have all the luxuries that many children have now, so they used their imaginations and played outdoors in the fresh air.

 

c.    Years ago, when people wanted to stay in touch with their friends and family, they wrote letters. These days, however, E-mail communication and social networking sites, such as Facebook, allow instant, free international communication.

 

d.    Online banking and shopping make essential activities possible from the comfort of our own homes. But what effect will this have on town centres and shops? In some towns and cities, many shops are now empty, and a lot of people think this is because more and more people choose to use the Internet for shopping.

 

e.    There are many benefits of using technology but we need to be responsible in the choices we make. Modern equipment is often very expensive and does not last a long time. It is important to consider how much we really need these things and the impact they have on our health, the environment and society.


(Facts sourced from http://www.dh.gov.uk)


 

 

UNI LOS PARRAFOS QUE LEISTE CON LOS IDEAS PRINCIPALES QUE VES ACA (1 A 5)

 

1.    Our responsibility when choosing to use modern technology.

2.    The impact of modern technology on everyday life over the past century.

3.    How modern technology has changed communication.

4.    The effect of modern technology on young people.

5.    Modern technology in relation to shopping and retail.

 

 

 

 

 

Task 4. CONTESTÁ

 

 

1. Can you find any examples of regular past simple verb forms in the reading text in Task 3?

 

……………………………………………………………………………………………






PASADO SIMPLE REVISION PARA ENTREGAR EL 2 DE JUNIO -TP Nº 8











  




 

PASADO CONTINUO PARA ENTREGAR EL 26/5

TP Nº7


PAST PROGRESSIVE OR CONTINUOUS
  1. She hockey. (to play)
  2. They in the pool. (to swim)
  3. It . (to rain)
  4. We to music. (to listen)
  5. The mobile . (to ring)
  6. The students . (to text)
  7. Max with two girls. (to dance)
  8. I in front of the shop. (to wait)
  9. The cat in the basket. (to sleep)
  10. He Gerry's bike. (to repair)

  1. She a cheeseburger. (not/to eat)
  2. They pictures. (not/to paint)
  3. The teacher the window. (not/to open)
  4. Johnny his bike. (not/to ride)
  5. We on the computer. (not/to work)
  6. Doris the news on TV. (not/to watch)
  7. I the trumpet. (not/to practise)
  8. The friends songs. (not/to sing)
  9. Steve a cigarette. (not/to smoke)
  10. Sam and Liz at a poster. (not/to look)

21.    Ashley on the computer? (to work)
22.    they the bike? (to repair)
23.    Melissa out a book? (to take)
24.    you to music? (to listen)
25.    Nicolas at a picture? (to look)
26.    Emma and Bertha their friend? (to phone)
27.    the girl the window? (to open)
28.    he judo? (to do)
29.    the friends home from school?(to come)
30.    Tyler with the cooking? (to help)

 

 

15/5 PRESENTE  PERFECTO

TP Nº6 

 

VIDEO PARA REPASAR EL TEMA Y EJERCICIOS DE REVISION PARA CORREGIR 18/5

 

 

 



 

 

 

 

SEMANA DEL 27 DE ABRIL

TP Nº5 

 

 ESTE TEXTO PUEDEN : 

1-Copiarlo desde acá













  
 


ACTIVIDADES PARA ENTREGAR EL VIERNES 3 DE ABRIL

TP2



Buen día chicos. Estoy tomando lista y agregando quienes entregan trabajos. Publico entre hoy viernes y mañana sábado los listados para que chequeen si está todo correcto. 



Acá les dejo la tarea

Trabajen con diccionario. 
Del libro de lectura  páginas 52 y 53
PAG 52: Nº2 Traducir 
Nº3: Traducir el audio 19. Si no lo tienen descarguen el libro en el sector MATERIAL DESCARGABLE de este blog. Si aún así no lo encuentran avisenme que les subo una foto del audio. 

Una vez que traducen y leen al audio 19, completan los cuadros del ejercicio 3 (pag 52)
Nº4 (pág 53) Traducir el audio 20 y luego completar y traducir el ejercicio 4

Hasta ahí. Después seguimos con algo del WORKBOOK. 




SEMANA HASTA EL 23/3 

TP1


Buen día chicos.
Les dejo acá las actividades para entregar la primera clase que nos vemos. 
Probablemente agrego algo la semana que viene que será del libro de lectura. 
Se resuelve todo en la carpeta en  PRACTICE.

 1-Resolver
 2- Traducir. Recordar que las traducciones se hacen con diccionario (no traductor).
.

1- Put the correct forms of the verbs into the gaps. Use Simple Past in the statements.


  1. They something to drink. (to order)
  2. Last summer I to Stuttgart. (to go)
  3. She her homework in the afternoon. (to do)
  4. He to 10. (to count)
  5. Our cat a big mouse. (to catch)
  6. In 2011 our class a trip to Norwich. (to make)
  7. The weather really nice. (to be)
  8. The secretary the file yesterday. (to delete)
  9. Paul nothing to me. (to say)
  10. The people something to each other. (to whisper) -                                                                    Questions 

  1. you the door? (to close)
  2. Claire the housework? (to finish)
  3. he a bath yesterday? (to have)
  4. the boy into the lake? (to jump)
  5. Ronald the Tower of London? (to visit)
  6. Peggy and Olivia after the baby? (to look)
  7. she the invitation cards herself? (to make)
  8. the girl the ketchup bottle? (to drop)
  9. Tim the green T-shirt last Monday? (to buy)
  10. they karate this morning? (to practise) 



Put in the correct verb forms and the nouns into the gaps. Use Simple Past.

Example:

  their friends? (they/to meet)

Answer: Did they meet their friends?

  1. after the cat? (the dog/to run)
  2. photos when you were on holiday? (you/to take)
  3. to music yesterday evening? (Steven/to listen)
  4. a cup of tea in the café? (the ladies/to have)
  5. in the French lesson? (Nancy/to text)
  6. pullovers last Friday? (Melissa and Ruth/to wear)
  7. hello to people in the street? (your brother/to say)
  8. the windows in your classroom? (the teacher/to open)
  9. chess two weeks ago? (the girls in your class/to play)
  10. breakfast yesterday morning? (your mother/to make)


 

 

2-TRANSLATE and underline:

3 sentences in Simple Present
3 sentences in  Passive Voice
5 adjectives
5 verbs
5 prepositions
3 personal pronouns



Magnetism refers to physical phenomena arising from the force between magnets, objects that produce fields that attract or repel other objects.

All materials experience magnetism, some more strongly than others. Permanent magnets, made from materials such as iron, experience the strongest effects, known as ferromagnetism. This is the only form of magnetism strong enough to be felt by people.

Then there's paramagnetism, in which certain materials are attracted by a magnetic field, and diamagnetism, in which materials are repelled by a magnetic field. Other, more complex, forms include antiferromagnetism, in which the magnetic properties of atoms or molecules align next to each other; and spin glass behavior, which involve both ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic interactions.

Some materials are called non-magnetic, because their magnetic effects are so small. Magnetism can also vary depending on temperature and other factors.
Magnetic fields. A magnetic field is a way of mathematically describing how magnetic materials and electric currents interact. Magnetic fields have both a direction and a magnitude, or strength. Magnets have a "north" pole and a "south" pole. Opposite poles attract each other and alike poles repel each other. These poles are referred to as a magnetic dipole. Magnetic dipoles and electric currents both give rise to magnetic fields.

A magnet is what makes a compass point north — the small magnetic pin in a compass is suspended so that it can spin freely inside its casing and respond to our planet's magnetism. A compass needle aligns itself and points toward the top of Earth's magnetic field.
The Earth's magnetic field, magnetic poles and geographic poles. (from Wikipedia). Earth's magnetic field, also known as the geomagnetic field, is the magnetic field that extends from the Earth's interior to where it meets the solar wind, a stream of charged particles emanating from the Sun. Its magnitude at the Earth's surface ranges from 25 to 65 microtesla (0.25 to 0.65 gauss). Roughly speaking it is the field of a magnetic dipole currently tilted at an angle of about 10 degrees with respect to Earth's rotational axis, as if there were a bar magnet placed at that angle at the center of the Earth. Unlike a bar magnet, however, Earth's magnetic field changes over time because it is generated by a geodynamo (in Earth's case, the motion of molten iron alloys in its outer core).





The North and South magnetic poles wander widely, but sufficiently slowly for ordinary compasses to remain useful for navigation. However, at irregular intervals averaging several hundred thousand years, the Earth's field reverses and the North and South Magnetic Poles relatively abruptly switch places. These reversals of the geomagnetic poles leave a record in rocks that are of value to paleomagnetists in calculating geomagnetic fields in the past. Such information in turn is helpful in studying the motions of continents and ocean floors in the process of plate tectonics.

The magnetosphere is the region above the ionosphere and extends several tens of thousands of kilometers into space, protecting the Earth from the charged particles of the solar wind and cosmic rays that would otherwise strip away the upper atmosphere, including the ozone layer that protects the Earth from harmful ultraviolet radiation.



Importance. Earth's magnetic field serves to deflect most of the solar wind, whose charged particles would otherwise strip away the ozone layer that protects the Earth from harmful ultraviolet radiation.

Humans have used compasses for direction finding since the 11th century A.D. and for navigation since the 12th century.[10] Although the North Magnetic Pole does shift with time, this wandering is slow enough that a simple compass remains useful for navigation. Using magnetoception various other organisms, ranging from soil bacteria to pigeons, can detect the magnetic field and use it for navigation.

Variations in the magnetic field strength have been correlated to rainfall variation within the tropics.Main characteristics
Description
Common coordinate systems used for representing the Earth's magnetic field.

At any location, the Earth's magnetic field can be represented by a three-dimensional vector (see figure). A typical procedure for measuring its direction is to use a compass to determine the direction of magnetic North. Its angle relative to true North is the declination (D) or variation. Facing magnetic North, the angle the field makes with the horizontal is the inclination (I) or dip. The intensity (F) of the field is proportional to the force it exerts on a magnet. Another common representation is in X (North), Y (East) and Z (Down) coordinates.[12]
Intensity

The intensity of the field is often measured in gauss (G), but is generally reported in nanotesla (nT), with 1 G = 100,000 nT. A nanotesla is also referred to as a gamma (γ).[13] The tesla is the SI unit of the Magnetic field, B. The field ranges between approximately 25,000 and 65,000 nT (0.25–0.65 G). By comparison, a strong refrigerator magnet has a field of about 100 gauss (0.010 T).[14]

A map of intensity contours is called an isodynamic chart. As the 2010 World Magnetic Model shows, the intensity tends to decrease from the poles to the equator. A minimum intensity occurs over South America while there are maxima over northern Canada, Siberia, and the coast of Antarctica south of Australia.[15]
Inclination
Main article: Magnetic dip

The inclination is given by an angle that can assume values between -90° (up) to 90° (down). In the northern hemisphere, the field points downwards. It is straight down at the North Magnetic Pole and rotates upwards as the latitude decreases until it is horizontal (0°) at the magnetic equator. It continues to rotate upwards until it is straight up at the South Magnetic Pole. Inclination can be measured with a dip circle.

An isoclinic chart (map of inclination contours) for the Earth's magnetic field is shown below.
Declination
Main article: Magnetic declination

Declination is positive for an eastward deviation of the field relative to true north. It can be estimated by comparing the magnetic north/south heading on a compass with the direction of a celestial pole. Maps typically include information on the declination as an angle or a small diagram showing the relationship between magnetic north and true north. Information on declination for a region can be represented by a chart with isogonic lines (contour lines with each line representing a fixed declination).






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 INCUMBENCIAS TÉCNICO MECÁNICO (son 4 partes)












Tenses and Passive Voice (Review 1)

The GPS system (use) about thirty satellites in orbit around the Earth.
Hydropower (convert) the energy in flowing water
Hydropower(play) a major role in making the wonders of electricity a part of everyday life
SACC (Smart Accident Cruise Control) (prevent) your car from suddenly stopping and causing an accident
The SACC system (use) a laser sensor located on the braking and acceleration systems. 








 Chicos, dejo el enlace para que vean un modelo de examen de CLE CT (lectocomprensión).

Los interesados consultenme en el cole.

DOCUMENTO 1 CLE CT 



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Turn into Passive Voice 1

1- We cover elevators with fire-resistant material to protect them. 
2- Architects install smoke detectors to give early warning of fire. 
3- They built three walkaways between the towers to allow people to cross over. 
4- Structural engineers increase the width of stairs to allow people to use them. 
5- They don't provide equipment for jumping .
6- It shortens structural beams to allow them to expand in a fire.
7- The contractors widen exits on the grond floor to allow people to escape more easily.
8- We build walkaways between the towers.



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PASSIVE VOICE sentences 2


  1.   The alarm pod transmits a digital-sonar coded signal.
  2.   We attached  the display.
  3.   The display showed information from the kit.
  4.   They submerge the alarm pod when the MOB hits the water.
  5.   The hydrophone picked the signal..
  6.   We must transport explosives in metal boxes,
  7.   Chisels cut pieces of wood.
  8.   Carburettors mix fuel and air.
  9.   The Zoomba cleaner cleans floors automatically.
  10.   The diving mask supplied oxygen to the diver.
  11.   We treat minor injuries with a first aid kit
  12.  The cyclists have completed about three eighths of the total distance. 
  13. GPS stands for Global Positioning System. 
  14. You should  inspect the brakes before every race.
  15.  The GPS system finds your location at a tolerance of 6 metres. 
  16. We increased the pressure on the metal bar. 
  17. Just over three tenths of all students in this college are doing computer studies.
  18. The radar gun has pointed that car on the road. 
  19. The cables in a suspension bridge have broken.
  20. The current through the wire from the power source is generating a magnetic field.
  21. A red-light camera system detects vehicles if they cross a red traffic light.    
  22. A sensory screen enables the control of the eReader functioning.
  23. Immediately after the accident at the Fukushima plant the management implemented measures to stabilize situation.
  24. The increase of the coal share for electricity production caused the growth of CO2 emissions in the G20 countries.
  25. Enerdata, an independent Research & Consulting firm, carried out this analysis.
  26. The Tolino Shine eBook reader provides a size of letters tuning.
  27. In 2011 high oil prices resulted in a decrease of oil demand in European countries, the USA and Japan.

PASSIVE VOICE multiple choice

Choose the best way to complete these passive voice sentences.

1. This play _____ by Shakespeare.
has been written  is being written  is written  was written  were written 

2. German _____ at this school.
are not taught  are not teached  is not taught  is not teached  will not taught 

3. This house _____.
is being repainted  is being repaint  being repainted  being repaint  are being repaint 

4. He _____ last week.
beated up  beaten up  were beaten up  was beaten up  was beated up 
This exercise is brought to you by www.nonstopenglish.com
5. She _____ a dog yesterday.
was bitten  was bitten by  was bitten from  was bitten to  was bitten with 

6. Our tent _____ by the wind.
blown away  was blowed away  was blown away  were blown away  will been blown away 

7. The window _____.
has been broked  has been broken  has been braked  have been broken  been broken 

8. This program _____ all over the world.
are being broadcast  been being broadcast  being broadcast  is being broadcast  is being broadcasting 

9. Their house _____.
were being rebuilt  were being rebuild  was being rebuilt  was being rebuild  being rebuilt 

10. All the ingredients _____.
has been bought  has been buying  have been bought  have been buyed  have been buying 

11. The bank robbers _____ by the police.
caught  has been caught  have been being caught  have been catched  have been caught 

12. This one _____.
have been choosed  has been chosen  has been choosed  has been being chosen  have been chosen 

13. The tall trees in our street _____.
are being cut down  are being cutted down  being cut down  is being cut down  is being cutted down 

14. This problem _____.
are not being dealt with  is not being dealed with  is not being dealing with  is not being dealt with  not being dealt with 

15. A big hole _____ in the garden.
were being dugged  were being dug  was being dugged  was being dug  being dug 

16. His homework _____.
are never doing  are never done  is never did  is never doing  is never done 

17. A house _____ easily.
be drawn  can be drawn  can be drawned  can be drown  can been drawn 

18. All the wine _____.
has be drunk  has been drinking  has been drunk  has been drunked  have been drunk 

19. This airplane _____ a robot.
is drove by  is driven with  is driven by  is drive by  are driven from 

20. The food _____.
was not ate  was not eaten  was not eating  were not eaten  were not eating


Passive Voice 3

Choose the best way to complete these passive voice sentences.


1. Your jacket _____ over there.
can hung up  can be hunged up  can be hung up  can be heng up  can be hang up 

2. She _____.
have never been heard of  has never been hearing of  has never been heared of  has never been heard of  has never be heard of 

3. She _____ by a bus.
was been knocking down  was being knocked down  was knock down  was knocked down  was knocking down 

4. Nothing _____ me.
can held against  can be holding against  can be hold against  can be held against  can be hald against 
This exercise is brought to you by www.nonstopenglish.com

5. The protesters _____ by the police.
are holding back  are being holding back  are being hold back  are being held back  are being hald back 

6. The flood water _____ by barriers.
was being kept back  was being keept back  was being keep back  was been kept back  was be kept back 

7. Thirty more people _____ last week.
were laid off  were layed off  were laying off  were lie off  were lied off 

8. The keys _____.
must been left behind  must have be left behind  must have been leaving behind  must have been left behind 
must having been left behind 
9. The criminal _____.
was lock up  was locked up  was locking up  were locked up  were locked up 

10. The road _____.
was blocking off  was blocking off  was blocked off  was block off  was been blocked off 

11. Our allies _____ support.
will being lent  will been lent  will be lent  will be lended  will be lend 

12. _____ to you yet?
Has the book been given back  Have the book been gave back  Have the book been give back  Have the book being given back  Have the books been given back 
13. She _____ with a fine.
were let off  were let off  was letting off  was letted off  was let off 

14. 3000 employees _____.
were laid off  were lain off  were layed off  were laying off  were lied off 

15. The old cinema _____.
is being pulling down  is being pulled down  is being pull down  is been pulled down  being pulled down 

16. The inconvenience _____ by this money.
will be mad up for  will be made up for  will been made up for  will being made up for  will made up for 

17. The candle _____ by the draught.
was blown out  was blowed out  was blow out  was blewed out  was being blown out 

18. A story _____.
will be made up  will be maked up  will be making up  will been made up  will being made up 

19. My bank loan _____ in five years time.
will be being paid off  will be paid off  will be payed off  will be paying off  will paid off 

20. An idea _____ for discussion.
were put forward  was putting forward  was putted forward  was put forward  put forward