PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE - PRESENTE PERFECTO SIMPLE - teoría en castellano -

 

PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE - PRESENTE PERFECTO SIMPLE

 

1. Usos de el Present Perfect

1.1. Describe acciones que COMENZARON EN EL PASADO y cuyos resultados vemos todavía en el presente. No es importante cuándo pasó la acción.

En nuestro idioma lo traducimos como un pasado (trabajé) o como PRESENTE PERFECTO COMPUESTO DEL MODO INDICATIVO

 

I have cleaned my room. (Yo he limpiado, o limpié)

He has broken the window.

 

1.2.Acciones recientemente terminadas, completadas.

He has just played handball.

El recién jugó al handball.

 

1.3. Hechos que comenzaron en el pasado y aún continúan pasando en el presente.

We have lived in Canada since 1986. (Nosotros hemos vivido...) o vivimos

I have worked as a teacher in Casal Calviño for 28 years. (and I am working today!) (He Trabajado...)

 

1.4. Junto con : lately, recently, yet

I have been to London recently.

2. PALABRAS QUE NOS INDICAN PRESENT PERFECT

• just
• yet
• never
• already
• ever
• so far
• up to now
• recently
• since
• for

3. COMO SE FORMA

have/has + past participle *(MIRA LA LISTA DE VERBOS, ES LA COLUMNA DE 'PARTICIPLE', LA TERCERA)

 

4. Examples

4.1. Oraciones AFIRMATIVAS en  Present Perfect – regular verbs

Long forms	Contracted forms
I have cleaned my room.	I've cleaned my room.
You have cleaned your room.	You've cleaned your room.
He has cleaned his room.	He's cleaned his room.

4.2. Oraciones AFIRMATIVAS en Present Perfect – irregular verbs

Long forms	Contracted forms
I have gone home.	I've gone home.
You have gone home.	You've gone home.
He has gone home.	He's gone home.

4.3. Oraciones NEGATIVAS en Present Perfect – regular verbs

Long forms	Contracted forms
I have not cleaned my room.	I've not cleaned my room.
	I haven't cleaned my room.
You have not cleaned your room.	You've not cleaned your room.
	You haven't cleaned your room.
He has not cleaned his room.	He 's not cleaned his room.
	He hasn't cleaned my room.

4.4. Oraciones NEGATIVAS en  Present Perfect – irregular verbs

Long forms	Contracted forms
I have not gone home.	I've not gone home.
	I haven't gone home.
You have not gone home.	You've not gone home.
	You haven't gone home.
He has not gone home.	He's not gone home.
	He hasn't gone home.

4.5. Preguntas en  Present Perfect – regular verbs

Long forms	Contracted forms
Have I cleaned the room?	There are no contracted forms.
Have you cleaned the room?
Has he cleaned the room?

4.6. Preguntas en  Present  Perfect – irregular verbs

Long forms	Contracted forms
Have I gone home?	There are no contracted forms.
Have you gone home?
Has he gone home?

* past participle:

• regular verbs → infinitive + -ed
• irregular verbs → 3rd column of the table of the irregular verbs